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Combining HTML and Python: A Beginner's Guide

HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the foundation for creating web pages, defining their structure and content. Python is a versatile programming language often used for web development, data analysis, and automation. By combining HTML and Python, you can create dynamic and interactive web applications.

1. Understanding the Roles

  • HTML: Defines the structure and content of the webpage.

  • Python: Handles the logic, data processing, and dynamic content generation.

2. Using Python to Generate HTML

  • String Concatenation: Create HTML strings in Python and embed them within your code.

  • Template Engines: Use template engines like Jinja2 or Mako to render HTML templates with dynamic data.

Example using Jinja2:

from jinja2 import Template

template = Template("""
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>My Website</title>
</head>
<body>
  <h1>Hello, {{ name }}!</h1>
</body>
</html>
""")

name = "John Doe"
html_output = template.render(name=name)
print(html_output)

3. Serving HTML with a Web Framework

  • Flask: A popular lightweight Python web framework.

  • Django: A more comprehensive framework with built-in features like ORM and admin interface.

Example using Flask:

from flask import Flask, render_template

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/')
def index():
    name = "Alice"
    return render_template('index.html', name=name)

if    __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(debug=True)

index.html:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>My Website</title>
</head>
<body>
  <h1>Hello, {{ name }}!</h1>
</body>
</html>

4. Adding Interactivity with JavaScript

  • Embed JavaScript: Include JavaScript code within your HTML file.

  • Dynamic Content: Use JavaScript to manipulate the DOM, create dynamic elements, and handle user interactions.

Example:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>My Website</title>
</head>
<body>
  <button onclick="changeText()">Click me</button>
  <p id="text"></p>

  <script>
    function changeText() {
      document.getElementById("text").innerHTML = "Hello from JavaScript!";
    }
  </script>
</body>
</html>

By combining HTML, Python, and JavaScript, you can create powerful and dynamic web applications.

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